The government says a new health-based approach to personal drug use will save lives.
Those caught with drugs use won't face a criminal conviction until the third offence.
On the first occasion, a person will be referred by the gardaí to the HSE for a health-screening and 'brief intervention'.
The second time, the gardaí will have discretion to issue an adult caution, while a third offence would be dealt with within the courts.
The government insists this isn't a move towards legalising drugs.
The changes will take effect next summer.